Ofcom approves UK direct-to-device satellite framework
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The United Kingdom communications regulator Ofcom has set out a new UK D2D regulatory framework that will allow satellite direct-to-device services to operate using existing mobile spectrum bands. The move opens the door for mobile network operators to partner with satellite providers so that ordinary handsets can stay connected in areas with little or no terrestrial coverage. This is significant for sectors such as Maritime operations, Energy & Offshore projects and Disaster Recovery work, where reliable links are often difficult to maintain.
Published on 9 December 2025, the framework explains how mobile network operators can request changes to their licences in order to add direct-to-device capability. Ofcom has also detailed technical conditions designed to prevent harmful interference, including measures to protect air traffic control systems and to avoid disruption to mobile services in neighbouring countries. The regulator describes the framework as an important step towards extending connectivity without extensive new ground infrastructure.
Ofcom notes that mobile operators are already working to bring commercial services to market. The regulator highlighted initiatives that aim to make the United Kingdom the first country in Western Europe with broad access to satellite direct-to-device connectivity. By combining terrestrial and space-based networks, operators hope to offer more resilient communications for communities, businesses and public services, including those supporting Telemedicine, remote logistics and critical Infrastructure and IoT assets.
Internationally, the United States Federal Communications Commission adopted a similar framework in 2024, followed by Canada. Regulators in other regions, including parts of Europe, Africa and Asia, are now developing their own approaches. Ukraine has already launched nationwide services, with mobile operator Kyivstar collaborating with Starlink to support users in hard-to-reach locations.
In the British market, Virgin Media O2 plans to work with Starlink under its O2 Satellite initiative, while Vodafone has a commercial agreement with AST SpaceMobile that includes the U.K. At the same time, certain Apple smartphones already allow customers to send emergency texts and share locations via satellite outside this framework. The UK D2D regulatory framework is therefore intended to provide a clear basis for future services as satellite direct-to-device technology becomes more integrated into everyday communications.
